As the dog looks at you while walking, reinforce positively by cheerfully saying “good” and after a few steps, lure the dog into a sit with the treat. Walking the dog in a hallway works well, because you can ensure that the dog stays in the correct position. Hold treats in your left hand, and use the treats like a magnet to lure your dog into walking a few steps with you in correct heel position. Start by putting pup on a short 2-foot leash while in the house, positioning him on your left side in line with your left leg.
NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT EXAMPLES IN DOG TRAINING HOW TO
Still confused? Here is an example of using both types of reinforcement to make sure your dog understands how to walk politely on a loose leash.ġ. Ideally, a dog is taught the correct behavior using positive reinforcement, then after the behavior is learned, negative reinforcement may be used if needed to teach the dog to comply even under distracting conditions. Postive + negative = resultsīoth positive and negative reinforcement are useful training tools. It is self-correcting, so the dog does not necessarily perceive the negative as being applied by the owner, but instead can associate that they, the dog, are in control of the collar. What about negative reinforcement? The word negative implies that something bad is happening, but actually the easiest way to understand the principle of negative reinforcement is to think in terms of “pressure.” When training around distractions, we apply pressure, then release it the instant the dog is performing the appropriate behavior.Īn example would be a Gentle Leader™ head halter, or a Good Dog™ plastic training collar, which applies pressure if the dog pulls, but is released the moment the dog is walking in the right place. Treats can be in your pocket, a fanny pack or an easy-to-wash carpenter’s apron, which is tied around your waist before training sessions. Use something soft and easy to eat in one bite, to avoid the problem of the treat breaking, pieces falling to the floor, and the dog “vacuuming” instead of watching you. Training treats should be small, which for an average size dog would be about the size of a Cheerio™. Even if his primary motivator is food, it is still important to make your words valuable to your dog, as you may not always have food handy but your voice is always available. When you use food treats, be sure to remember to give praise before the treat, so that your dog is being conditioned to associate the praise with food, helping ensure that he will eventually work for praise alone. Get to know your dog to find out what he or she likes best. Keep in mind that not all dogs are motivated by food, so you can use a combination of treats, praise, touch or a favorite toy or game your pet enjoys.
Most dogs work extremely well for a combination of positive reinforcement and rewards. If you’re working on a down– stay, and while the dog remains down you give him soothing praise and drop small treats to him, that will positively reinforce the behavior of staying down, by letting him know he is doing the right thing while he is still in position. On the other hand, if you have small food treats already in hand, ask your dog to sit, he does so, and immediately you mark that he has done the right thing by saying “yes!” and letting the treat appear, then you have positively reinforced the behavior. If you ask your dog to sit and he complies, and you say “Good boy, you can have a cookie,” and you trot off to the kitchen to get a dog cookie from the jar on the counter, then the cookie he receives is his reward. Here’s an easy way to distinguish them: Rewards come after a behavior, whereas reinforcement comes during, or so closely following a behavior that the dog feels almost as if it happened during the behavior. Confusion exists over the difference between positive reinforcement versus reward.
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